Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 94, Issue 5, Pages 1266-1275Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.111.012351
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Funding
- European Commission (DG-SANCO)
- International Agency for Research on Cancer
- Spanish Ministry of Health [Exp P10710130]
- Regional Government of Andalucia
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, La Caixa (Spain) [BM 06-130, RTICC-RD06/0020]
- Danish Cancer Society (Denmark)
- Ligue contre le Cancer
- Institut Gustave Roussy
- Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM
- France)
- Deutsche Krebshilfe
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany)
- Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation
- Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece)
- Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC)
- National Research Council (Italy)
- Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS)
- Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR)
- LK Research Funds
- Dutch Prevention Funds
- Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland)
- World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)
- Statistics Netherlands (Netherlands)
- Norwegian Cancer Society (Norway)
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Swedish Scientific Council and Regional Government of Skane
- Vasterbotten (Sweden)
- Cancer Research UK
- Medical Research Council
- Stroke Association
- British Heart Foundation
- Department of Health
- Food Standards Agency
- Wellcome Trust (United Kingdom)
- Regional Government of Asturias
- Regional Government of Basque Country
- Regional Government of Murcia
- Regional Government of Navarra
- Medical Research Council [G1000143, G0401527] Funding Source: researchfish
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Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The association between alcohol consumption and GC has been investigated in numerous epidemiologic studies with inconsistent results. Objective: We evaluated the association between alcohol consumption and GC risk. Design: We conducted a prospective analysis in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, which included 444 cases of first primary gastric adenocarcinoma. HRs and 95% CIs for GC were estimated by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression for consumption of pure ethanol in grams per day, with stratification by smoking status, anatomic subsite (cardia, noncardia), and histologic subtype (diffuse, intestinal). In a subset of participants, results were further adjusted for baseline Helicobacter pylori serostatus. Results: Heavy (compared with very light) alcohol consumption (>= 60 compared with 0.1-4.9 g/d) at baseline was positively associated with GC risk (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.58), whereas lower consumption amounts (<60 g/d) were not. When we analyzed GC risk by type of alcoholic beverage, there was a positive association for beer (>= 30 g/d; HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.73) but not for wine or liquor. Associations were primarily observed at the highest amounts of drinking in men and limited to noncardia subsite and intestinal histology; no statistically significant linear dose-response trends with GC risk were observed. Conclusion: Heavy (but not light or moderate) consumption of alcohol at baseline (mainly from beer) is associated with intestinal-type noncardia GC risk in men from the EPIC cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:1266-75.
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