Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 91, Issue 6, Pages 1769-1776Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28831
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Funding
- Cancer Research UK
- European Commission
- Public Health and Consumer Protection Directorate 1993-2004
- Research Directorate General 2005
- German Cancer Aid
- German Cancer Research Centre
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- Health Research Fund of the Spanish Ministry of Health
- ISCIII Red de Centros RCESP CO3/09, Spain
- Spanish Regional Governments of Andalusia, Asturia
- Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
- Stroke Association, United Kingdom
- British Heart Foundation
- Department of Health, United Kingdom
- Food Standards Agency, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom
- Greek Ministry of Health
- Greek Ministry of Education
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation
- Hellenic Health Foundation
- Italian Association for Research on Cancer
- Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports
- Dutch Ministry of Health
- MRC [G0802851, MC_U105630924] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G0802851, G0401527, MC_U105630924] Funding Source: researchfish
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Background: Phytanic acid, a fatty acid predominantly obtained from foods high in ruminant fat, may have a biological role in the up-regulation of the protein e-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase, which is overexpressed in prostate cancer tissue. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between plasma concentrations of phytanic acid and subsequent risk of prostate cancer. Design: Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 566 incident prostate cancer cases from Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and the United Kingdom were individually matched to 566 controls by study center, age at recruitment, and time of day and duration of fasting at blood collection. Phytanic acid concentrations were measured by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay. Results: In controls, plasma phytanic acid concentration was strongly correlated with dairy fat intake (r = 0.49, P < 0.0001), varied significantly by country (P for heterogeneity < 0.0001), and decreased with age (P for trend = 0.02) and duration of fasting at blood collection (P for trend = 0.002). There was no significant association of phytanic acid with prostate cancer risk overall (odds ratio for a doubling in concentration: 1.05; 95% Cl: 0.91, 1.21; P for trend = 0.53) or by stage or grade of disease. However, in men who had fasted (>3 h) at blood collection, the odds ratio for prostate cancer was 1.27 (95% Cl: 1.01, 1.60; P for trend = 0.04). Conclusion: Plasma phytanic acid concentration is significantly associated with intake of dairy fat but not with overall risk of prostate cancer in this European population. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 1769-76.
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