Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 88, Issue 6, Pages 1733S-1737SPublisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.25825D
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Funding
- NCCIH NIH HHS [R21 AT002599, AT-002993, AT-003545, R21 AT002993, AT-002599] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR024146-03, RR-00169, UL1 RR024146, P51 RR000169] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL075675-02, R01 HL075675-04, R01 HL075675, HL-075675, HL-091333, R01 HL075675-05, R01 HL107256, R01 HL091333-01, R01 HL075675-01A1, R01 HL091333, R01 HL075675-03] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R03 DK058108, DK-58108, R03 DK058108-02, R03 DK058108-01A1] Funding Source: Medline
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Our laboratory has investigated 2 hypotheses regarding the effects of fructose consumption: 1) the endocrine effects of fructose consumption favor a positive energy balance, and 2) fructose consumption promotes the development of an atherogenic lipid profile. In previous short- and long-term studies, we showed that consumption of fructose-sweetened beverages with 3 meals results in lower 24-h plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, and leptin in humans than does consumption of glucose-sweetened beverages. We have also tested whether prolonged consumption of high-fructose diets leads to increased caloric intake or decreased energy expenditure, thereby contributing to weight gain and obesity. Results from a study conducted in rhesus monkeys produced equivocal results. Carefully controlled and adequately powered long-term studies are needed to address these hypotheses. In both short- and long-term studies, we showed that consumption of fructose-sweetened beverages substantially increases postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations compared with glucose-sweetened beverages. In the long-term studies, apolipoprotein B oncentrations were also increased in subjects consuming fructose, but not in those consuming glucose. Data from a short-term study comparing consumption of beverages sweetened with fructose, glucose, high-fructose corn syrup, and sucrose suggest that high-fructose corn syrup and sucrose increase postprandial triacylglycerol to an extent comparable with that induced by 100% fructose alone. Increased consumption of fructose-sweetened beverages along with increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes underscore the importance of investigating the metabolic consequences of fructose consumption in carefully controlled experiments. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88(suppl): 1733S-7S.
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