Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
Volume 96, Issue 12, Pages 2224-2233Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.0800339
Keywords
California forest; conservation; Fagaceae; Lithocarpus densiflorus; microsatellites; phylogeography; Phytophthora ramorum; sudden oak death (SOD); tanoak
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Funding
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service
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Knowledge of population genetic structure of tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) is of interest to pathologists seeking natural variation in resistance to sudden oak death disease, to resource managers who need indications of conservation priorities in this species now threatened by the introduced pathogen (Phytophthora ramorum), and to biologists with interests in demographic processes that have shaped plant populations. We investigated population genetic structure using nuclear and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and inferred the effects of past Population demographic processes and contemporary gene flow. Our cpDNA results revealed a strong pattern of differentiation of four regional groups (coastal California, southern Oregon, Klamath mountains, and Sierra Nevada). The chloroplast haplotype phylogeny suggests relatively deep divergence of Sierra Nevada and Klamath populations from those of coastal California and southern Oregon. A widespread coastal California haplotype may have resulted from multiple refugial sites during the Last Glacial Maximum or from rapid recolonization from few refugia. Analysis of nuclear microsatellites suggests two major groups: (1) central coastal California and (2) Sierra Nevada/Klamath/southern Oregon and all area of admixture in north coastal California. The low level of nuclear differentiation is likely to be due to pollen gene flow among populations during postglacial range expansion.
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