The competitive environment of academic productivity and the academic research enterprise in the case of Japan

This article deals with the various problems related to the given title from four sections. Section Social function of the academic research enterprise (ARE) focuses on three problems: Framework of the research on the ARE; Functions of the graduate school in the ARE; and Centers of learning and Japanese ARE. Section Structure of ARE discusses two problems: Structure of social stratification and the structure of ARE in the policy framework for the current ARE. Section Social condition of ARE argues over three problems: Social condition of the ARE; The effects of change of national policy on the ARE; and National government policy for the ARE in the postwar period. Section The impacts of the national government policies on ARE treats three problems: Trend of the recent national government policy on the ARE; Some unintended effects of the policies; and Discussion of proposals for reform. These discussions lead to concluding remarks.