Internationalization and technological catching up of emerging multinationals: a comparative case study of Chinas Haier group

A number of firms from China and India have in recent years been demonstrating their ability to face up to the challenges of globalization by internationalizing their operations. In this article we carry out a case study of Chinas Haier Group followed by a comparison of its growth and internationalization with those of Indias Tata Group. We examine several aspects of their internationalization, such as the mode of internationalization and the choice of overseas destinations. The study further explores the importance of, among others, conglomerate structure, prior experience, the state, and entrepreneurship in the internationalization of the two groups.