Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT
Volume 33, Issue 3, Pages 277-285Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0165025409104489
Keywords
cognitive abilities; cognitive control; multidimensional scaling; radix; working memory
Categories
Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG019627-05, T32 AG020500, R37 AG024270, R37 AG024270-07, R01 AG019627] Funding Source: Medline
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Although factor analysis is the most commonly-used method for examining the structure of cognitive variable interrelations, multidimensional scaling (MDS) can provide visual representations highlighting the continuous nature of interrelations among variables. Using data (N = 8,813; ages 17-97 years) aggregated across 38 separate studies, MDS was applied to 16 cognitive variables representative of five well-established cognitive abilities. Parallel to confirmatory factor analytic solutions, and consistent with past MDS applications, the results for young (18-39 years), middle (40-65 years), and old (66-97 years) adult age groups consistently revealed a two-dimensional radex disk, with variables from fluid reasoning tests located at the center. Using a new method, target measures hypothesized to reflect three aspects of cognitive control (updating, storage-plus-processing, and executive functioning) were projected onto the radex disk. Parallel to factor analytic results, these variables were also found to be centrally located in the cognitive ability space. The advantages and limitations of the radex representation are discussed.
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