Journal
ALZHEIMER DISEASE & ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
Volume 24, Issue 1, Pages 11-18Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e3181a4485c
Keywords
metabolic syndrome; insulin resistance; mild cognitive impairment; C-reactive protein; inflammation; cross-sectional study
Categories
Funding
- National Institute on Aging [U01 AG06786, P50 AG16574, K01 AG028573]
- National Institute of Mental Health [K01 MH68351]
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [R01 AR30582]
- Robert H. and Clarice Smith and Abigail Van Buren Alzheimer's Disease Research Program
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES [R01AR030582] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [K01MH068351] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [U01AG006786, K01AG028573, P50AG016574] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is more strongly associated with cognitive impairment in the presence of inflammation. This suggests that the association of MetS with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may vary with the etiology and the subtype of MCI. This study investigated the association between MetS with or without inflammation and MCI [amnestic (a-MCI) and nonamnestic (na-MCI)]. We studied a randomly selected sample of 1969 participants (ages 70 to 89 y) from Olmsted County, MN, using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, a neurologic evaluation, and neuropsychologic testing. Data for participants were reviewed for a diagnosis of normal cognition, MCI, or dementia. Clinical components of MetS were ascertained by interview and confirmed from the medical records; biochemical measurements were assayed from a blood draw. We compared 88 na-MCI cases and 241 a-MCI cases with 1640 cognitively normal participants. MetS was not associated with either na-MCI or a-MCI. High C-reactive protein (CRP; highest tertile vs lowest tertile) was associated with na-MCI [odds ratio (OR) = 1.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05, 3.24] but not with a-MCI, after adjusting for sex, age, and years of education. The combination of MetS and high CRP (compared to no MetS and lowest CRP tertile) was associated with na-MCI (OR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.07, 5.00), but not with a-MCI (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.59, 1.54). The combined presence of MetS and high levels of inflammation is associated with na-MCI in this elderly cohort, and suggests etiologic differences in MCI subtypes.
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