Journal
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 400-414Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrc2657
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [T32CA009109, R01CA89406]
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One of the main engines that drives cellular transformation is the loss of proper control of the mammalian cell cycle. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (also known as p21(WAF1/Cip1)) promotes cell cycle arrest in response to many stimuli. It is well positioned to function as both a sensor and an effector of multiple anti-proliferative signals. This Review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of p21 and its biological functions with emphasis on its p53-independent tumour suppressor activities and paradoxical tumour-promoting activities, and their implications in cancer.
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