Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pages 1226-1235Publisher
IVYSPRING INT PUBL
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.11536
Keywords
Dazl; DAZ; Boule; germ cell; meiosis
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB944401]
- National Nature Science Foundation [31171376]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-12-1026]
- Program of Science and Technology Grant of Qingdao City [12-1-4-5-(10)-jch]
- Taishan Scholar Construction Foundation of Shandong Province
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DAZ family proteins are found almost exclusively in germ cells in distant animal species. Deletion or mutations of their encoding genes usually severely impair either oogenesis or spermatogenesis or both. The family includes Boule (or Boll), Dazl (or Dazla) and DAZ genes. Boule and Dazl are situated on autosomes while DAZ, exclusive of higher primates, is located on the Y chromosome. Deletion of DAZ gene is the most common causes of infertility in humans. These genes, encoding for RNA binding proteins, contain a highly conserved RNA recognition motif and at least one DAZ repeat encoding for a 24 amino acids sequence able to bind other mRNA binding proteins. Basically, Daz family proteins function as adaptors for target mRNA transport and activators of their translation. In some invertebrate species, BOULE protein play a pivotal role in germline specification and a conserved regulatory role in meiosis. Depending on the species, DAZL is expressed in primordial germ cells (PGCs) and/or pre-meiotic and meiotic germ cells of both sexes. Daz is found in fetal gonocytes, spermatogonia and spermatocytes of adult testes. Here we discuss DAZ family genes in a phylogenic perspective, focusing on the common and distinct features of these genes, and their pivotal roles during gametogenesis evolved during evolution.
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