Journal
MUSIC PERCEPTION
Volume 26, Issue 5, Pages 401-413Publisher
UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
DOI: 10.1525/MP.2009.26.5.401
Keywords
music performance; tempo; entrainment; fractal; pulse and meter
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Funding
- NIMH NIH HHS [T32 MH019116-17] Funding Source: Medline
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WE INVESTIGATED PEOPLES' ABILITY TO ADAPT TO THE fluctuating tempi of music performance. In Experiment 1, four pieces from different musical styles were chosen, and performances were recorded from a skilled pianist who was instructed to play with natural expression. Spectral and rescaled range analyses on interbeat interval time-series revealed long-range (1/f type) serial correlations and fractal scaling in each piece. Stimuli for Experiment 2 included two of the performances from Experiment 1, with mechanical versions serving as controls. Participants tapped the beat at 1/4- and 1/8-note metrical levels, successfully adapting to large tempo fluctuations in both performances. Participants predicted the structured tempo fluctuations, with superior performance at the 1/4-note level. Thus, listeners may exploit long-range correlations and fractal scaling to predict tempo changes in music.
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