Journal
ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLISM
Volume 48, Issue 4, Pages 509-513Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agt021
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Funding
- Lundbeck pharmaceuticals
- Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care of the province of Ontario
- Lundbeck
- Eli Lilly
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Alcohol consumption has been linked with considerable mortality, and reduction of drinking, especially of heavy drinking, has been suggested as one of the main measures to reduce alcohol-attributable mortality. Aggregate-level studies including but not limited to natural experiments support this suggestion; however, causality cannot be established in ecological analysis. The results of individual-level cohort studies are ambiguous. On the other hand, randomized clinical trials with problem drinkers show that brief interventions leading to a reduction of average drinking also led to a reduction of all-cause mortality within 1 year. The results of these studies were pooled and a model for reduction of drinking in heavy drinkers and its consequences for all-cause mortality risk was estimated. Ceteris paribus, the higher the level of drinking, the stronger the effects of a given reduction. Implications for interventions and public health are discussed.
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