4.0 Article

Influence of a Vaccination Schedule on Viral Load Rebound and Immune Responses in Successfully Treated HIV-Infected Patients

Journal

AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
Volume 25, Issue 12, Pages 1249-1259

Publisher

MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
DOI: 10.1089/aid.2009.0015

Keywords

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Funding

  1. ISCIII- RETIC [RD06006]
  2. FIPSE [36536/05, SAF 05/05566, FIS PI050058, FIT 090100- 2005- 9, FIS PI050265, FIS 04/0503]
  3. Fundacio Privada Cli nic per la Recerca Biomedica [FIS 03/00072]

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Vaccination is recommended for HIV-infected patients. Transient increases of viral load (VL) and risk of developing resistance to HAART have been described. In addition, VL rebounds could increase HIV-specific immune responses. Twenty-six successfully treated HIV-infected adults were randomized to receive a vaccination schedule or placebo during 12 months. Afterward, HAART was discontinued. Influences of vaccination over VL, genotypic mutations, different T cell subsets, and HIV-1-specific immune responses were evaluated. Patients did not present any secondary effect. No differences in incidence of detectable VL determinations were detected between groups [relative risk 0.54 (95% CI 0.23-1.26)]. No relevant resistance mutations were detected. The vaccinated group showed a significant drop in CD4(+) T cells (p=0.046) associated with increases in activated T cells. HIV-1-specific lymphoproliferative responses increased more in the vaccinated group during the vaccination period. Viral rebound dynamics after interrupting HAART were similar in both groups. A vaccination schedule in successfully treated HIV patients was safe, was not associated with an increase in detectable VL, and did not increase the risk of developing resistance mutations. However, it induced an increase in T cell activation and a drop in CD4(+) T cells, although these changes did not influence the VL rebound dynamics after HAART interruption.

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