Role of education and differentiation in determining the potential of natural killer cells to respond to antibody-dependent stimulation

Antibody-dependent activation of natural killer (NK) cells might facilitate protective outcomes in the context of HIV exposure or infection. Antibody-dependent activation is heightened in NK cells educated by interactions between killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their major histocompatibility complex class I ligands during ontogeny. Differentiated NK cells, defined as CD57 R, also exhibit enhanced antibody-dependent responsiveness. Although KIRs are more frequently expressed on CD57 R NK cells, the presented data suggest education and differentiation make independent contributions to NK cell anti-HIV envelope antibody-dependent activation.