Biosensor Analysis of the Interaction of Potential Dimerization Inhibitors with HIV-1 Protease

Inhibitors of protein-protein interactions are currently considered as perspective prototypes of a new generation of drugs. The most attractive targets for such inhibitors are the oligomeric enzymes which active sites are formed by amino acid residues from different subunits. HIV-1 protease (HIVp), which is active only as a homodimer form, is the classic example of such enzymes. We have developed a new approach for experimental screening of HIVp dimerization inhibitors. It is based on an original biosensor test-system for differential analysis of interaction of tested substances with HIVp dimers and monomers. Using this test-system we have analyzed the most perspective candidate substances predicted by the method of virtual screening, and also some derivatives of glycyrrhizin, triterpenic and steroid glycosides. In the results of this study we have found one compound, which preferentially interacts with HIVp monomers and inhibits in vitro activity of this enzyme with the IC50 value of about 10(-6) M.