Journal
AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 67, Issue 8, Pages 690-696Publisher
ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2013.02.005
Keywords
Quantization watermarking; Perceptual model; Spread transform; Quantization index modulation; Adaptive quantization
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [61271058, 61201173]
- National High Technology Project of China [2007AA11Z210]
- Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China [20100092120012, 20110092110008]
- Foundation of High Technology Project in Jiangsu Province
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2010240]
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The quantization step is one of the most important factors which affect the performance of quantization watermarking used for image copyright protection. According to the characteristic of perceptual model and the specific attacks, improved perceptual model and different implementations of perceptual model are proposed. They are incorporated into the spread transform quantization index modulation (ST-QIM) framework. The experimental results show that the four algorithms we proposed in this paper can reduce the noise attacks and facilitate common digital image processing operations. Among these, adaptive ST-QIM based on further modified Watson model (ST-QIM-fMW-SS) and adaptive ST-QIM based on modified sensitivity model (ST-QIM-MS-SS) have better performance. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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