Journal
WORLD DEVELOPMENT
Volume 37, Issue 11, Pages 1802-1811Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.08.026
Keywords
Kenya; supermarkets; horticulture; farmers; markets; rural development; supply chains; rural employment
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Are the rural poor excluded from supermarket channels in developing countries? We analyzed the farm-level impact of supermarket growth on Kenya's horticulture sector, which is dominated by smallholders. The analysis reveals a threshold capital vector for entrance in the supermarket channel, which hinders small, rainfed farms. Most of the growers participating as direct suppliers to that channel are a new group of medium-sized, fast-growing commercial farms managed by well-educated farmers and focused on the domestic supermarket market. Their heavy reliance on hired workers benefits small farmers via the labor market. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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