Journal
EMOTION
Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 763-781Publisher
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/a0017281
Keywords
arousal; emotion; enhancement; impairment; memory
Categories
Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [AG025340, R01 AG025340-05, R01 AG025340] Funding Source: Medline
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A large body of work has revealed that people remember emotionally arousing information better than neutral information. However, previous research has revealed contradictory effects of emotional events on memory for neutral events that precede or follow them: In some studies, emotionally arousing items have impaired memory for immediately preceding or following items, and in others arousing items enhanced memory for preceding items. By demonstrating both emotion-induced enhancement and impairment, Experiments I and 2 clarified the conditions under which these effects are likely to occur. The results suggest that emotion-induced enhancement is most likely to occur for neutral items that (a) precede (and so are poised to predict the onset of) emotionally arousing items, (b) have high attentional weights at encoding, and (c) are tested after a delay period of a week rather than within the same experimental session. In contrast, emotion-induced impairment is most likely to occur for neutral items near the onset of emotional arousal that are overshadowed by highly activated competing items during encoding.
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