Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume 80, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.063803
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Funding
- Army Research Office,
- Boeing Corporation
- Defense Advanced Research Project Agency
- Department of Energy
- Foundational Questions and Extreme Science Institute
- Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
- NorthropGrumman Corporation.
- NSF [PHY05-51164, 0545390]
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0545390] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We optimize two-mode entangled number states of light in the presence of loss in order to maximize the extraction of the available phase information in an interferometer. Our approach optimizes over the entire available input Hilbert space with no constraints, other than fixed total initial photon number. We optimize to maximize the Fisher information, which is equivalent to minimizing the phase uncertainty. We find that in the limit of zero loss, the optimal state is the maximally path-entangled (so-called N00N) state, for small loss, the optimal state gradually deviates from the N00N state, and in the limit of large loss, the optimal state converges to a generalized two-mode coherent state, with a finite total number of photons. The results provide a general protocol for optimizing the performance of a quantum optical interferometer in the presence of photon loss, with applications to quantum imaging, metrology, sensing, and information processing.
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