Journal
PLANNING THEORY
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 63-87Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1473095209346495
Keywords
Chicago School; Darwinism; evolutionary economics; spatial planning
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This article looks at the history of evolutionary thought in urban planning. It classifies the use of evolutionary metaphors in three broad theoretical streams. The first stream of thought considers the existence of vital forces and energy flows (vitalism) in an urban form. The second stream provides a holistic-organic (organicism) perspective to the city. The third stream, contemporarily very popular in social sciences, is based on the natural evolutionary theories of Lamarck and Darwin to look at urban dynamics. It is suggested that the flexible-adaptive and self-regulatory nature of evolutionary metaphors can support a holistic-integrative perspective to urban and regional planning.
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