Effect of Annealing on Electrochemical Performance of Anodized TiO2 Nanotubes for Lithium Ion Batteries

The effect of annealing on TiO2 nanotube arrays as anode for lithium ion batteries by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge testing, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was investigated. The crystalline structure of TiO2 nanotube can be changed by controlling the annealing temperature and the crystallization also has considerable effect on electrochemical performance. Amorphous TiO2 annealed at 250 degrees C shows the highest discharge capacity in coin cell tests with a discharge capacity of about 67 mu Ah cm(-2) and good cycling stability during 50 charge-discharge cycles. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results show the smallest resistance compared to the other samples.