Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 30, Issue 39, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804149
Keywords
boron carbide; electrochemical performance; first-principle calculations; high-loading cathodes; lithium-sulfur batteries
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Funding
- Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) [DE-EE0007218]
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Developing high-energy-density lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries relies on the design of electrode substrates that can host a high sulfur loading and still attain high electrochemical utilization. Herein, a new bifunctional cathode substrate configured with boron-carbide nanowires in situ grown on carbon nanofibers (B4C@CNF) is established through a facile catalyst-assisted process. The B4C nanowires acting as chemical-anchoring centers provide strong polysulfide adsorptivity, as validated by experimental data and first-principle calculations. Meanwhile, the catalytic effect of B4C also accelerates the redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion, contributing to enhanced rate capability. As a result, a remarkable capacity retention of 80% after 500 cycles as well as stable cyclability at 4C rate is accomplished with the cells employing B4C@CNF as a cathode substrate for sulfur. Moreover, the B4C@CNF substrate enables the cathode to achieve both high sulfur content (70 wt%) and sulfur loading (10.3 mg cm(-2)), delivering a superb areal capacity of 9 mAh cm(-2). Additionally, Li-S pouch cells fabricated with the B4C@CNF substrate are able to host a high sulfur mass of 200 mg per cathode and deliver a high discharge capacity of 125 mAh after 50 cycles.
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