Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 26, Issue 14, Pages 2137-2184Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201305929
Keywords
nanostructure; nanowires; synthesis; electronics; photonics; energy; thermoelectric; photovoltaic; photoelectrochemistry; energy storage; NEMS; bio-nano interface
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Funding
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231 (P-Chem)]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under the SunShot Solar Energy Technologies Program
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Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have been studied extensively for over two decades for their novel electronic, photonic, thermal, electrochemical and mechanical properties. This comprehensive review article summarizes major advances in the synthesis, characterization, and application of these materials in the past decade. Developments in the understanding of the fundamental principles of bottom-up growth mechanisms are presented, with an emphasis on rational control of the morphology, stoichiometry, and crystal structure of the materials. This is followed by a discussion of the application of nanowires in i) electronic, ii) sensor, iii) photonic, iv) thermoelectric, v) photovoltaic, vi) photoelectrochemical, vii) battery, viii) mechanical, and ix) biological applications. Throughout the discussion, a detailed explanation of the unique properties associated with the one-dimensional nanowire geometry will be presented, and the benefits of these properties for the various applications will be highlighted. The review concludes with a brief perspective on future research directions, and remaining barriers which must be overcome for the successful commercial application of these technologies.
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