Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 28, Issue 37, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201803200
Keywords
graphene oxide; molybdenum oxide; nanoparticles; perovskite; solar cells
Categories
Funding
- Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) [MOST 107-3017-F009-003, MOST 105-2119-M-009-MY3, MOST 106-2119-M-009-001]
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science of National Chiao Tung University through the Featured Areas Research Center Program
- Taiwan Ministry of Education
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A graphene oxide (GO) film is functionalized with metal (Au) and metal-oxide (MoOx) nanoparticles (NPs) as a hole-extraction layer for high-performance inverted planar-heterojunction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). These NPs can increase the work function of GO, which is confirmed with X-ray photoelectron spectra, Kelvin probe force microscopy, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectra measurements. The down-shifts of work functions lead to a decreased level of potential energy and hence increased V-oc of the PSC devices. Although the GO-AuNP film shows rapid hole extraction and increased V-oc, a J(sc) improvement is not observed because of localization of the extracted holes inside the AuNP that leads to rapid charge recombination, which is confirmed with transient photoelectric measurements. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the GO-AuNP device attains 14.6%, which is comparable with that of the GO-based device (14.4%). In contrast, the rapid hole extraction from perovskite to the GO-MoOx layer does not cause trapping of holes and delocalization of holes in the GO film accelerates rapid charge transfer to the indium tin oxide substrate; charge recombination in the perovskite/GO-MoOx interface is hence significantly retarded. The GO-MoOx device consequently shows significantly enhanced V-oc and J(sc), for which its device performance attains PCE of 16.7% with great reproducibility and enduring stability.
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