Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 25, Issue 2, Pages 214-220Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201402943
Keywords
tin nanoparticles; spherical carbon network; aerosol spray pyrolysis; anode; sodium-ion batteries
Categories
Funding
- Programs of 973 [2011CB935900]
- NSFC [21322101]
- MOE [B12015, IRT13R30]
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Designed as a high-capacity, high-rate, and long-cycle life anode for sodium-ion batteries, ultrasmall Sn nanoparticles (approximate to 8 nm) homogeneously embedded in spherical carbon network (denoted as 8-Sn@C) is prepared using an aerosol spray pyrolysis method. Instrumental analyses show that 8-Sn@C nanocomposite with 46 wt% Sn and a BET surface area of 150.43 m(2) g(-1) delivers an initial reversible capacity of approximate to 493.6 mA h g(-1) at the current density of 200 mA g(-1), a high-rate capacity of 349 mA h g(-1) even at 4000 mA g(-1), and a stable capacity of approximate to 415 mA h g(-1) after 500 cycles at 1000 mA g(-1). The remarkable electrochemical performance of 8-Sn@C is owing to the synergetic effects between the well-dispersed ultrasmall Sn nanoparticles and the conductive carbon network. This unique structure of very-fine Sn nanoparticles embedded in the porous carbon network can effectively suppress the volume fluctuation and particle aggregation of tin during prolonged sodiation/desodiation process, thus solving the major problems of pulverization, loss of electrical contact and low utilization rate facing Sn anode.
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