Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 24, Issue 33, Pages 5261-5268Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201400299
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Funding
- Army Research Office [W911NF-12-1-0014]
- Directorate For Engineering [1620328] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1200641] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1620328] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Two new thermoresponsive self-healing polyurethanes (1DA1T and 1.5DA1T) based on the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction between furan and maleimide moieties are developed that use the shape-memory effect to bring crack faces into intimate contact such that healing can take place. Unlike other self-healing polymers, these polymers do not require external forces to close cracks but rather they use the shape-memory effect to autonomously close the crack. Both polyurethanes have a stable polymer structure and comparable mechanical properties to commercial epoxies. A differential scanning calorimeter is employed to check the glass transition temperature of the polymers as well as the DA and retro-DA (rDA) reaction temperatures. These DA and rDA reactions are confirmed with variable-temperature proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Healing efficiency is calculated using a measurement of the failure load from compact tension testing. The results show that the shape-memory effect can replace external forces to close two crack surfaces and the DA reaction can be repeatedly employed to heal the cracks.
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