Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 22, Issue 6, Pages 1215-1221Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201102566
Keywords
graphene; nanosheets; photocatalysis; hollow spheres; CO2 conversion
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Funding
- 973 Programs [2011CB933303, 2007CB613305]
- JST-MOST [2009DFA61090]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [1113020401, 1115020405]
- JSPS-NSFC [20811140087]
- NSFC [20971048, 21173041, 50732004]
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Southeast University
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Robust hollow spheres consisting of molecular-scale alternating titania (Ti0.91O2) nanosheets and graphene (G) nanosheets are successfully fabricated by a layer-by-layer assembly technique with polymer beads as sacrificial templates using a microwave irradiation technique to simultaneously remove the template and reduce graphene oxide into graphene. The molecular scale, 2D contact of Ti0.91O2 nanosheets and G nanosheets in the hollow spheres is distinctly different from the prevenient G-based TiO2 nanocomposites prepared by simple integration of TiO2 and G nanosheets. The nine times increase of the photocatalytic activity of G-Ti0.91O2 hollow spheres relative to commercial P25 TiO2 is confirmed with photoreduction of CO2 into renewable fuels (CO and CH4). The large enhancement in the photocatalytic activity benefits from: 1) the ultrathin nature of Ti0.91O2 nanosheets allowing charge carriers to move rapidly onto the surface to participate in the photoreduction reaction; 2) the sufficiently compact stacking of ultrathin Ti0.91O2 nanosheets with G nanosheets allowing the photogenerated electron to transfer fast from the Ti0.91O2 nanosheets to G to enhance lifetime of the charge carriers; and 3) the hollow structure potentially acting as a photon trap-well to allow the multiscattering of incident light for the enhancement of light absorption.
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