Journal
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
Volume 65, Issue 3, Pages 391-397Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.08.008
Keywords
Blood-brain barrier; Exosomes; Membrane vesicles; Microvesicles; Micro RNA; RNA interference; siRNA
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Society of Medical Research (SSMF)
- postdoctoral MOBIUTAS fellowship of the Estonian Science Foundation
- MRC [G0900887] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G0900887] Funding Source: researchfish
- Parkinson's UK [G-1109] Funding Source: researchfish
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Using oligonucleotide-based drugs to modulate gene expression has opened a new avenue for drug discovery. In particular small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are being rapidly recognized as promising therapeutic tools, but their poor bioavailability limits the full realization of their clinical potential. In recent years, cumulating evidence has emerged for the role of membrane vesicles, secreted by most cells and found in all body fluids, as key mediators of information transmission between cells. Importantly, a sub-group of these termed exosomes, have recently been shown to contain various RNA species and to mediate their horizontal transfer to neighbouring- or distant recipient cells. Here, we provide a brief overview on membrane vesicles and their role in exchange of genetic information. We also describe how these natural carriers of genetic material can be harnessed to overcome the obstacle of poor delivery and allow efficient systemic delivery of exogenous siRNA across biological barriers such as the blood-brain barrier. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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