Journal
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
Volume 65, Issue 15, Pages 1951-1963Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.10.002
Keywords
Carbon nanotubes; Biomedical imaging; NIR-II fluorescence; Raman scattering; Photoacoustic; Magnetic resonance; Nuclear imaging
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51222203, 51002100, 51132006]
- National 973 Program of China [2011CB911002, 2012CB932601]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
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This article reviews the latest progresses regarding the applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), as multifunctional nanoprobes for biomedical imaging. Utilizing the intrinsic band-gap fluorescence of semi-conducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), fluorescence imaging in the near infrared II (NIR-II) region with enhanced tissue penetration and spatial resolution has shown great promise in recent years. Raman imaging based on the resonance Raman scattering of SWNTs has also been explored by a number of groups for in vitro and in vivo imaging of biological samples. The strong absorbance of CNTs in the NIR region can be used for photoacoustic imaging, and their photoacoustic signals can be dramatically enhanced by adding organic dyes, or coating with gold shells. Taking advantages of metal nanoparticle impurities attached to nanotubes, CNTs can also serve as a T2-contrast agent in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In addition, when labeled with radioactive isotopes, many groups have developed nuclear imaging with functionalized CNTs. Therefore CNTs are unique imaging probes with great potential in biomedical multimodal imaging. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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