Journal
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
Volume 64, Issue 15, Pages 1800-1819Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.05.008
Keywords
Silicon; Silica; Nanomaterials; Biocompatibility; Toxicity; Mesoporous
Categories
Funding
- Susan G. Komen Postdoctoral Fellowship [PDF12229449]
- NIH [U54CA143837, 1U54CA151668-01]
- DOD [W81XWH-09-1-0212, W81XWH-11-02-0168]
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Silicon is one of the most abundant chemical elements found on the Earth. Due to its unique chemical and physical properties, silicon based materials and their oxides (e.g. silica) have been used in several industries such as building and construction, electronics, food industry, consumer products and biomedical engineering/medicine. This review summarizes studies on effects of silicon and silica nano- and micro-particles on cells and organs following four main exposure routes, namely, intravenous, pulmonary, dermal and oral. Further, possible genotoxic effects of silica based nanoparticles are discussed. The review concludes with an outlook on improving and standardizing biocompatibility assessment for nano- and micro-particles. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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