Journal
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
Volume 61, Issue 14, Pages 1299-1315Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.05.009
Keywords
Mitochondria; Oxidative stress; Nitric oxide; Neurodegeneration; Stroke; Therapeutics; Pharmacology
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Funding
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [SAF2007-61492, CSD2007-00020, SAF2006-01753, RD06/0026/0005, SAF200803112, S-BIO-0170/2006]
- Junta de Castilla y Leon [SA066A07]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [FIS06/0794]
- Junta de Castilla y Leon
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Mitochondria represent both the main source and target of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). In view of the large energy expenditure made by neurons during neurotransmission, an intact mitochondrial function is of paramount importance for the correct function of the brain. Accordingly, the search of therapeutic strategies against situations in which there is an abnormal brain function, such as neurological disorders and stroke, should be focused towards mitochondria. Here, we have reviewed the normal and abnormal mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics, highlighting the relevance that, for these processes in the brain RONS exert. Evidence suggests that disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics may have a critical role in the pathogenesis of these brain diseases. Drug therapies directed toward providing safer mitochondria are currently under both pre- and clinical investigations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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