Journal
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
Volume 60, Issue 7, Pages 786-794Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.11.003
Keywords
innate immunity; viral recognition; viral pathogenesis; TLR; pattern recognition receptor; type I interferon
Categories
Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [T32 AI 07019, T32 AI007019, R01 AI054359, T32 AI007019-32, R01 AI064705, R01 AI062428, R01 AI064705-03, R01 AI054359-05, R01 AI062428-04] Funding Source: Medline
- NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB000487] Funding Source: Medline
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In recent years, it has become increasingly evident that mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in determining the outcome of virus infection. TLRs have evolved to recognize viral nucleic acids, and promote the stimulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Interestingly, the study of mice harboring deficiencies in various TLR proteins and their adaptors suggests that TLR activation promotes protective anti-viral immunity in some cases, while exacerbating virus-induced disease in others. In this report we describe the interactions of viruses with both the TLR system and the intracellular recognition system and highlight the role of TLRs in shaping the outcome of virus infection in both a positive and negative manner. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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