Journal
ACTA TROPICA
Volume 122, Issue 1, Pages 126-131Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.01.002
Keywords
Schistosomiasis; Praziquantel; Mass treatment; Hematuria; Monitoring; Nigeria
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Funding
- Chevron Nigeria Limited
- John Hussman Foundation
- Izumi Foundation
- PHS from National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025008, KL2 RR025009]
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Nigeria is highly endemic for infection with Schistosoma haematobium, which most commonly manifests itself with blood in urine. To monitor the impact of annual mass drug administration (MDA) with Praziquantel for S. haematobium in Delta State, Nigeria, cross-sectional hematuria surveys of school children were conducted in 8 sentinel villages (SVs) at baseline (n = 240) and after two annual doses (n = 402). We assessed the comparability of three assessments of hematuria (child's reported history, nurse visual diagnosis (NVD) and dipstick) to determine the need for mass treatment. Dipstick was considered to be the gold standard. Prior to treatment, history and NVD each identified only the 3 most highly prevalent SVs, and overall this represented just 37.5% of the 8 SVs in need of treatment. Following treatment, after dipstick prevalence decreased by 88.5% (p < 0.001), and history and NVD identified only one of two villages still needing treatment. The study suggests that dipsticks should be the recommended method for launching and monitoring mass treatment for S. haematobium. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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