Journal
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
Volume 123, Issue 4, Pages 297-306Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01677.x
Keywords
course; depression; anxiety; general population
Categories
Funding
- Netherlands Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (WVS)
- medical Sciences Department of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)
- national Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM)
- Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (Zon-Mw) [10-000-1002]
- VU University Medical Center
- GGZ inGeest
- Arkin
- Leiden University Medical Center
- GGZ Rivierduinen
- University Medical Center Groningen
- Lentis
- GGZ Friesland
- GGZ Drenthe
- Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare)
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL)
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (Trimbos Institute)
- European Union
- Stanley Medical Research Institute
- Astra Zeneca
- Eli Lilly
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Wyeth
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Objective: Insight into the long-term course of depression and anxiety. Method: Data were derived from Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study/Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety, epidemiologic surveys in the adult population in the Netherlands. Three hundred and three respondents with depressive and/or anxiety Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) disorder were interviewed, examining the 7-year course of depression (n = 141), anxiety (n = 102) and the comorbid state (n = 60) and possible prognostic factors. Outcomes were CIDI diagnostic status after 7 years and percentage of time during 7 years with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms, retrospectively assessed by the Life Chart Interview (LCI). Results: After 7 years, 60.7% of the subjects were free from a 12-month CIDI depression or anxiety diagnosis. The odds were higher for subjects with anxiety and comorbidity compared to subjects with depression. Low physical functioning and high neuroticism predicted the presence of a diagnosis after 7 years. During 7-year follow-up, 37.3% of the subjects were free from depressive and anxiety symptoms according to the LCI, 51.8% had symptoms < 50% of the time, and 10.9%>= 50% of the time. (Comorbid) anxiety resulted in a poorer course. High neuroticism and childhood adversity predicted more follow-up time with symptoms. Conclusion: Course trajectories were more favorable than expected, although comorbidity resulted in poorer course. Neuroticism, physical functioning, and childhood adversity predicted an unfavorable course.
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