Journal
ACTA PAEDIATRICA
Volume 103, Issue 4, Pages 411-417Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/apa.12549
Keywords
Cardiovascular risk; Childhood obesity; Doppler; Insulin; Lipids
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Funding
- Swedish Research Council (VR, medicine)
- Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS)
- Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation
- Swedish Childhood Diabetes Foundation
- Swedish Order of Freemasons
- Sven Jerring Foundation
- HRH Crown princess Lovisa's Foundation
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AimThe aim was to test acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in obese children without comorbidities, compared with normal weight controls, and to analyse associations between vasodilatation and other potential risk factors. MethodsEndothelium-dependent vasodilatation was induced by transdermal iontophoresis of acetylcholine in 54 obese children (8.3-18.2years old, 41% girls) and 44 normal weight controls (7.5-20.2years old, 82% girls), and the subsequent change in perfusion was measured with laser Doppler flowmetry. In a subgroup of the obese children, associations between acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation and blood lipids, glucose/insulin metabolism, inflammation, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), cardiovascular fitness and duration of obesity were evaluated. ResultsWe found a lower endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response to acetylcholine in the obese children than the controls (p<0.001). The peak perfusion response was 33% lower in obese children (p=0.001). There was a trend towards lower vasodilatation in obese children with higher levels of triglycerides (p=0.07). Children with the shortest duration of obesity exhibited the lowest vasodilatation (p=0.03). No associations were found between 24-h ABP, cardiovascular fitness, inflammation and glucose/insulin metabolism. ConclusionObese children without comorbidities have significantly impaired microvascular endothelial function. The children who had been obese for a longer time seemed less affected.
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