Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 371-380Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08902
Keywords
Li-ion battery; SEI; NMR; MALDI TOF MS; graphite anode
Funding
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) U.S. Department of Energy Innovation Hub
- U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
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Solid-state Li-7 and C-13 MAS NMR spectra of cycled graphitic Li-ion anodes demonstrate SEI compound formation upon lithiation that is followed by changes in the SEI upon delithiation. Solid-state C-13 DPMAS NMR shows changes in peaks associated with organic solvent compounds (ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate, EC/DMC) upon electrochemical cycling due to the formation of and subsequent changes in the SEI compounds. Solid-state C-13 NMR spin-lattice (T1) relaxation time measurements of lithiated Li-ion anodes and reference poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) powders, along with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry results, indicate that large-molecular-weight polymers are formed in the SEI layers of the discharged anodes. MALDI-TOF MS and NMR spectroscopy results additionally indicate that delithiated anodes exhibit a larger number of SEI products than is found in lithiated anodes.
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