Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 7, Issue 31, Pages 17363-17370Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04589
Keywords
energetic materials; metal iodate; nanothermite; biocidal; electrospray
Funding
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency
- Army Research Office
- Maryland Nanocenter and its NispLab
- NSF as a MRSEC Shared Experimental Facility
- China Scholarship Council
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The biological agents that can be weaponized, such as Bacillus anthracis, pose a considerable potential public threat. Bacterial spores, in particular, are highly stress resistant and cannot be completely neutralized by common bactericides. This paper reports on synthesis of metal iodate-based aluminized electrospray-assembled nanocomposites which neutralize spores through a combined thermal and chemical mechanism. Here metal iodates (Bi(IO3)(3), Cu(IO3)(2), and Fe(IO3)(3)) act as a strong oxidizer to nano aluminum to yield a very exothermic and violent reaction, and simultaneously generate iodine as a long-lived bactericide. These microparticle-assembled nanocomposites when characterized in terms of reaction times and temporal pressure release show significantly improved reactivity. Furthermore, sporicidal performance superior to conventional metal-oxide-based thermites clearly shows the advantages of combining both a thermal and biocidal mechanism in spore neutralization.
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