Journal
JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 513-521Publisher
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/a0020835
Keywords
DRD4; parenting; substance use; susceptibility
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Funding
- NIAAA NIH HHS [5R01AA012768-08, R01 AA012768, 3R01AA012768-08S1] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDA NIH HHS [1P30DA027827, 5R01DA01923-04S1, P30 DA027827] Funding Source: Medline
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To test the differential susceptibility to parenting hypothesis, a 4-wave, randomized prevention design was used to examine the impact of the Strong African American Families program on past-month substance use across 29 months as a function of DRD4 genotype. Youths (N = 337; M age = 11.65 years) were assigned randomly to treatment condition. Those carrying a 7-repeat allele showed greater differential response to intervention vs. control than those with two 4-repeat alleles. Control youths but not treatment youths with a 7-repeat allele reported increases in past-month substance use across the 29-month study period, but this pattern did not emerge for those with the 4-repeat allele. Supporting the differential susceptibility to parenting hypothesis, the results suggest a greater preventive effect for youths carrying a 7-repeat allele, a role for DRD4 in the escalation of substance use during adolescence, and potential for an enhanced understanding of early-onset substance use.
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