Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 308, Issue 3, Pages G161-G170Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00142.2014
Keywords
inflammatory bowel disease; tumor necrosis factor receptor 1; tumor necrosis factor receptor 2; tumor necrosis factor
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [R01 DK-056008, R01 DK-066176, R01 DK-54993]
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2 are major therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease. Research advances have demonstrated that TNF produces pleiotropic responses in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although in excess TNF can contribute to GI pathology, TNF is also a critical protective factor to promote GI homeostasis following injury and inflammation. Genetic studies using candidate and genome-wide association study approaches have identified variants in TNF or its receptors that are associated with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis in multiple populations, although the basis for these associations remains unclear. This review considers the efficacy and mechanism of anti-TNF therapies for inflammatory bowel disease to reconcile the many disparate aspects of TNF research and to consider the potential protective effects of TNF signaling in GI health.
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