Journal
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 16, Issue 12, Pages 1869-1874Publisher
CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION
DOI: 10.3201/eid1612.100640
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Funding
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU116806-01-1]
- US Department of Agriculture [58 6615 1 218, CONH00768, CONH00773]
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Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is maintained in an enzootic cycle involving Culiseta melanura mosquitoes and avian hosts Other mosquito species that feed opportunistically on mammals have been incriminated as bridge vectors to humans and horses To evaluate the capacity of these mosquitoes to acquire replicate and potentially transmit EEEV we estimated the infection prevalence and virus titers in mosquitoes collected in Connecticut USA by cell culture, plaque titration and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR Cs melanura mosquitoes were the predominant source of EEEV (83 [68%] of 122 virus isolations) and the only species to support consistently high virus titers required for efficient transmission Our findings suggest that Cs melanura mosquitoes are primary enzootic and epidemic vectors of EEEV in this region which may explain the relative paucity of human cases This study emphasizes the need for evaluating virus titers from field-collected mosquitoes to help assess their role as vectors
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