Journal
ACTA MATERIALIA
Volume 59, Issue 10, Pages 3903-3914Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.03.015
Keywords
High-pressure torsion; Hardness; Steel; Shear strain
Funding
- Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis at the University of Sydney
- Australian Research Council [DP0772880]
- National Science Foundation of the United States [DMR-0855009]
- US Army Research Office
- Army Research Laboratory
- Australian Research Council [DP0772880] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
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The shear strain imposed on austenite/ferrite duplex stainless steel discs at different stages of high-pressure torsion (HPT) processing was imaged in plan-view and cross-section using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of the shear strain was correlated to the hardness evolution of the discs. The shear-strain patterns are complex and are different on the top and bottom surfaces of the discs. A double-swirl pattern emerged on the top surface in the early stages of HPT. These two centres of the swirl moved towards the centre of the disc as the numbers of HPT revolutions was increased and ultimately the double-swirl evolved into a single-swirl. Less regular shear-strain patterns were observed on the bottom surfaces of the discs. Multiple ring-like patterns with mirror symmetry over the central axes of the discs were visible from cross-sectional observations. Nanoindentation testing on the two surfaces and a cross-section of HPT discs showed that the hardness is insensitive to specific shear-strain patterns, but is closely related to the widths of the austenite and ferrite phase domains. Late in the deformation process, the hardness in the interior of an HPT disc may be higher than at either of the disc surfaces because of the development of finer microstructural phase distributions. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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