Application of InSAR in measuring Earth's surface deformation caused by groundwater extraction and modeling its behavior using time series analysis by artificial neural networks

Measuring ground displacement is very important, considering its destructive physical and financial effects, and one of the most efficient methods for this purpose is the differential interferometry that uses data with high spatial resolution which, in this research, are 11 TerraSAR-X images over 11-month period. The study area is the plain in the southwest of Tehran, and the subsidence was displayed by extracted interferograms. The maximum displacement of the pairs of consecutive images in this area was 18 cm, and the displacement rate was 13 cm/year (cm/year). By analyzing the time series using neural network, displacement for 12th month was predicted at 32 cm. The obtained results of this research were evaluated and validated by using radar and GPS data associated with similar research. The result of the evaluation indicates compliance of the obtained results in this research with other researches in the field.