Chemical composition, biological and cytotoxic activities of Cistus salviifolius flower buds and leaves extracts

The chemical composition, antioxidant activity (DPPH center dot, ABTS(center dot+) and FRAP assays), anti-xanthine oxydase (XOD), anti-superoxide dismutase (SOD), anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE), anti-inflammatory (anti-5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)) and cytotoxic (OVCAR and MCF-7) activities comparison between the leaves and the flower buds (FB) of Cistus salviifolius separately extracted with methanol (MeOH) 80% Was investigated. The highest phenolics content (305.30 +/- 4.68 mg gallic acid equivalent (E)/g dry weight (dw)) and flavonoids (76.21 +/- 1.26 mg quercetin E/g dw) were obtained in FB extract, however, the leaves has nine times higher amount of tannins (56.36 +/- 0.67 mg catechin E/g dw) and more important concentration of anthocyanins (0.31 +/- 0.02 mg cyaniding-3-glucoside E/g dw). It was found that FB methanolic extract exhibited better antioxidant (IC50= 5.11 +/- 1 0.53, 4.82 +/- 0.08 and 59.27 +/- 0.13 mg/L assessed by DPPH center dot, ABTS(center dot+) and FRAP tests, respectively) and anti-SOD (IP (%) = 58.39 +/- 11.67) activities than leaves extract. Moreover, FB possessed more evident cytotoxic activity against OVCAR and MCF-7 cells (IP (%) = 36.85 +/- 5.66 and 35.16 +/- 4.67%, respectively) in comparison to leaves which were inactive at a concentration of 50 mg/L. However, leaves showed more powerful inhibitory activities towards the enzymes AChE (IC50 = 18 +/- 2.71 mg/L), 5-LOX (IC50 = 13.38 +/- 0.20 mg/L) and XOD (IC50 = 19.48 +/- 0.21 mg/L). Results showed that the organ factor influenced considerably the chemical composition content and the biological activities of C salviifolius. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.