A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF MOTHER-INFANT PSYCHOANALYTIC TREATMENT: II. PREDICTIVE AND MODERATING INFLUENCES OF QUALITATIVE PATIENT FACTORS

A randomized control trial was performed on 75 dyads in Stockholm, Sweden, with infants under I years. It recruited mothers who worried about the babies, themselves as mothers, and/or the mother-baby relationship. Two groups of mother-infant dyads were compared. One received only Child Health Centre care (the CHCC group) while the other received mother-infant psychoanalytic treatment plus CHCC (the MIP group). Significant treatment effects were found on mother-reported depression, interviewer-rated dyadic relationship qualities and externally rated maternal sensitivity, and near-significant effects on mother-reported stress, all in favor of MIP. The objective of this study is to investigate the predictive and moderating influences on outcomes by qualitatively assessed maternal and infant characteristics. The qualitative factors covered maternal suitability for psychoanalysis, and ideal types of mother and child, respectively. Outcome measures from two interviews with a 6-month interval were depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (J. Cox, J. Holden, & R. Sagovsky, 1987), stress (Swedish Parental Stress Questionnaire (M. Ostberg, B. Hagekull, & S. Wettergren, 1997), distress (Swedish Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90; L.R. Derogatis, I 994; M. Fridell, Z. Cesarec, M. Johansson, & S. Mailing Thorsen, 2002) and infant social and emotional functioning (Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional (J. Squires, D. Bricker, K. Heo, & E. Twombly, 2002), relationship qualities (Parent-Infant Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS; ZERO TO THREE, 2005), and videotaped interactions (Emotional Availability Scales, Z. Biringen, J.L. Robinson, & R.N. Emde, 1998). Suitability for psychoanalysis predicted outcome only on the PIR-GAS. Two overarching maternal ideal types were created, reflecting their attitude to the psychoanalytic process: Participators and Abandoned. The Participators benefited more from MIP than they did From CHCC on maternal interactive sensitivity. A contrasting, but nonsignificant, pattern was found among the Abandoned mothers. Two ideal types of babies emerged: those Affected and Unaffected by the disturbance, respectively. Among Affected babies, dyadic relationships and sensitivity among their mothers improved significantly more from MIP than they did from CHCC. The superior effects of MIP applied especially to Participator mothers and Affected infants. For Abandoned mothers and Unaffected infants, CHCC seemed to be of equal value.