Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Volume 47, Issue 3, Pages 781-791Publisher
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/a0022999
Keywords
temperament; personality; individual differences; generalizability; nonhuman primates
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR00166] Funding Source: Medline
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We assessed developmental stability and context generalizability of temperament in pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) from the University of Washington Infant Primate Research Lab. A principal components analysis condensed 6 behavioral measures into 2 components, interpreted as reactivity and boldness. Changes in these measures over the 1st 10 months of development showed a trend toward calmer and bolder behavior with age, with significant individual variation in the pattern of change. Boldness showed a quadratic pattern of change, whereas reactivity decreased linearly. We also studied the relationship between temperament and response to a novelty probe. The magnitude of the response to the novelty probe decreased slightly over time, and boldness and reactivity in a familiar setting did not predict these changes in response to novelty. In a 2nd principal components analysis, reactivity to novelty represented a distinct aspect of temperament. Our results demonstrate developmental changes and context dependency in macaque behavior.
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