Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages 4033-4041Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn501226z
Keywords
phosphorene; anisotropic transport; transistor; inverter
Categories
Funding
- NSF [CMMI-1120577]
- SRC [2362, 2396]
- National Science Foundation [EEC-0832785]
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn
- Directorate For Engineering [1120577] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We introduce the 2D counterpart of layered black phosphorus, which we call phosphorene, as an unexplored p-type semiconducting material. Same as graphene and MoS2, single-layer phosphorene is flexible and can be mechanically exfoliated. We find phosphorene to be stable and, unlike graphene, to have an inherent, direct, and appreciable band gap. Our ab initio calculations indicate that the band gap is direct, depends on the number of layers and the in-layer strain, and is significantly larger than the bulk value of 0.31-036 eV. The observed photoluminescence peak of single-layer phosphorene in the visible optical range confirms that the band gap is larger than that of the bulk system. Our transport studies indicate a hole mobility that reflects the structural anisotropy of phosphorene and complements n-type MoS2. At room temperature, our few-layer phosphorene field-effect transistors with 1.0 mu m channel length display a high on-current of 194 mA/mm, a high hole field-effect mobility of 286 cm(2) N.s, and an on/off ratio of up to 10(4). We demonstrate the possibility of phosphorene integration by constructing a 2D CMOS inverter consisting of phosphorene PMOS and MoS2 NMOS transistors.
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