Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 3744-3753Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn3055913
Keywords
graphene oxide; encapsulation; imaging; multifunctional probe; controlled release; contrast agent
Categories
Funding
- Rhode Island Science and Technology Advisory Council
- Brown-Yale Center for Chemical Innovation (NSF) [CHE-1240020]
- NSF [CBET-1132446]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Chemistry [1240020] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1132446] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Hybrid nanoparticles with multiple functions are of great interest in biomedical diagnostics, therapies, and theranostics but typically require complex multistep chemical synthesis. Here we demonstrate a general physical method to create multifunctional hybrid materials through aerosol-phase graphene encapsulation of ensembles of simple unifunctional nanoparticles. We first develop a general theory of the aerosol encapsulation process based on colloidal interactions within drying microdroplets. We demonstrate that a wide range of cargo particle types can be encapsulated, and that high pH is a favorable operating regime that promotes colloidal stability and limits nanoparticle dissolution. The cargo-filled graphene nanosacks are then shown to be open structures that rapidly release soluble salt cargoes when reintroduced into water, but can be partially sealed by addition of a polymeric filler to achieve slow release profiles of interest in controlled release or theranostic applications. Finally, we demonstrate an example of multifunctional material by fabricating graphene/Au/Fe3O4 hybrids that are magnetically responsive and show excellent contrast enhancement as multimodal bioimaging probes In both magnetic resonance imaging and X-ray computed tomography in full-scale clinical Instruments.
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