Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 6, Issue 6, Pages 5031-5039Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn301721q
Keywords
graphene anodes; transparent conducting electrodes; organic solar cell; organic photovoltaic cell; layer-by-layer; doping; TCNQ
Categories
Funding
- National Science Council Taiwan [NSC-99-2112-M-001-021-MY3, NSC-100-2120-M-009-006]
- Nanoproject and Career Development Awards, Academia Sinica
- National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
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Large-area graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a promising candidate for transparent conducting electrode applications in flexible optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes or organic solar cells. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the polymer photovoltaic devices using a pristine CVD graphene anode is still not appealing due to its much lower conductivity than that of conventional indium tin oxide. We report a layer-by-layer molecular doping process on graphene for forming sandwiched graphene/tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ)/graphene stacked films for polymer solar cell anodes, where the TCNQ molecules (as p-dopants) were securely embedded between two graphene layers. Poly(3-hexylthiophene)/phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PCBM) bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells based on these multilayered graphene/TCNQ anodes are fabricated and characterized. The P3HT/PCBM device with an anode structure composed of two TCNQ layers sandwiched by three CVD graphene layers shows optimum PCE (similar to 2.58%), which makes the proposed anode film quite attractive for next-generation flexible devices demanding high conductivity and transparency.
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