Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 637-644Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn304834p
Keywords
twisted bilayer graphene; interlayer coupling; absorption; functionalization
Categories
Funding
- Office of Naval Research
- NRL's Nanoscience Institute
- National Research Council
- U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Division of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sandia LDRD
- U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
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Direct, tunable coupling between individually assembled graphene layers is a next step toward designer two-dimensional (2D) crystal systems, with relevance for fundamental studies and technological applications. Here we describe the fabrication and characterization of large-area (>cm(2)), coupled bilayer graphene on SiO2/Si substrates. Stacking two graphene films leads to direct electronic interactions between layers, where the resulting film properties are determined by the local twist angle. Polycrystalline bilayer films have a stained-glass window appearance explained by the emergence of a narrow absorption band in the visible spectrum that depends on twist angle. Direct measurement of layer orientation via electron diffraction, together with Raman and optical spectroscopy, confirms the persistence of clean interfaces over large areas. Finally, we demonstrate that interlayer coupling can be reversibly turned off through chemical modification, enabling optical-based chemical detection schemes. Together, these results suggest that 2D crystals can be individually assembled to form electronically coupled systems suitable for large-scale applications.
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