Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 5, Issue 8, Pages 6355-6364Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn201470f
Keywords
nonaqueous sol-gel process; block copolymer micellar lithography; in situ growth of nanoparticles; directed self-assembly; binary nanoarrays
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Funding
- European Community [FP7]
- Max Planck Society
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Simultaneous synthesis and assembly of, nanoparticles that exhibit unique physicochemical properties are critically important for designing new functional devices at the. macroscopic scale. In the present study, we report a simple version of block copolymer micellar lithography (BCML) to synthesize gold and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoarrays by using benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as a solvent. In contrast to toluene, BnOH can lead to the formation of various gold nanopatterns via salt-induced micellization of polystyrene-block-poly(vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP). In the case of titania, the use of BCML with a nonaqueous sol-gel method, the benzyl alcohol route, enables the fabrication of nanopatterns made of quasi-hexagonally Organized particles or parallel wires upon aging a (BnOH-TiCl(4)-PS(846)-b-P2VP(171))-containing solution for four weeks to grow TiO(2) building blocks in situ. This approach was found to depend mainly on the relative lengths of the polymer blocks, which allows nanoparticle-induced micellization and self-assembly during solvent evaporation. Moreover, this versatile route enables the design of uniform and quasi-ordered gold-TiO(2) binary nanoarrays with a precise particle density due to the absence of graphoepitaxy during the deposition of TiO(2) onto gold nanopatterns.
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